Tato práce se věnuje představení konstruktivistického myšlenkového směru a jeho srovnání s teorií vědeckých revolucí a konceptem paradigmatu Thomase Kuhna. Konstruktivismus je v této práci zastoupen radikálními interpretacemi Foerstera, Maturany a Varely. Ty jsou následně konfrontovány s Kuhnovým výkladem vědeckých revolucí. V závěru práce argumentuji, že Kuhnův koncept paradigmatu lze ...

In Radical Constructivism (RC) (Glasersfeld 1991) we judge our understanding by what can be accomplished using that understand- ing. Realists do not understand the notion that RC is not about “truth,” but about fit to experience. In this article, we look at evidence in educational settings. While the evidence will ...

Epistemological issues, although controversial, are central to teaching and learning and have long been a theme of PME. A central epistemological issue is that of the philosophy of mathematics. It is argued that the traditional absolutist philosophies need to be replaced by a conceptual change view of mathematics. Building on ...

The postmodern movement has opened avenues for unique, integrated ap- proaches to therapy. Postmodernism encourages a collaborative effort by the client and therapist in resolving presenting problems. The Mental Re- search Institute (MRI) reflecting team exemplifies this movement toward eclectic and integrated approaches to therapy, drawing upon the clients’ ability ...

| PŘEKLAD

Our passion for this work arose in very different histories of living, but these histories converged some years ago around the writings of Humberto Maturana. There were other reasons for us getting together, but it was the ideas of Maturana which inspired us both to take another look at the ...

You don't have to like feedlot cattle to read this. Come to think of it, you don't even have to like epistemology. I could probably have called it: An Attempt to Cope with Problems which Arise when You are Doing Applied Research - or even: Trying to Cope with Life.

Human beings differ in ways of understanding, interpreting, describing or sharing experience. On the basis of experience we construct our own conceptual systems (beliefs and values) that are neither consistent nor monolithic. "Alternative conceptual systems exist, whether one likes it or not. They are not likely to go away, since ...

The question which is never entirely resolved is: what is life? Biology, claims to stand for the study of life and living things, yet we would say that it cannot make a thoroughly clear distinction between living and non-living, except in some very obvious cases. There are textbook definitions, of ...

The diverse papers which make up this book are variations on a theme which is based in biological science - yet none of the contributors is really a biologist. Our metaphor for describing what we are doing here is that we have gathered together in a room because that particular ...

Uncertainty about funding; difficulty in determining research priorities; and concern about technology transfer (the lack of application of research results): these words stand out in the language of scientific/industrial research and development, today. So-called technology transfer seems to be the central issue because the criteria for determining research priorities and ...